Professor Scharff continues the story of Jefferson's Empire of Liberty. There, Grant had accepted Lee’s surrender. When these victims of war arrived home they found things greatly changed. Miller: The worst sight in war is a battlefield after the battle. http://www.furman.edu/~benson/docs/sherman.htm  

Donate today to preserve Civil War battlefields and the nation’s history for generations to come. Miller: The Civil War dragged to its awful and bloody end. The incident unleashed a storm of criticism in the North. Local families who went to Gettysburg after the battle, looking for their boys, found hands and arms in trees; boots with feet in them; bodies flattened into shapeless horrors by close-range artillery fire; headless men, leaning against trees, their arms shot off. A despondent Lincoln told his Cabinet he didn’t expect to win the election. A biography and portrait of Andrew Johnson. The occasion was the dedication of a cemetery for the Union soldiers killed at Gettysburg.

Professor Miller explores the origins of values, cultures, and economies that have collided in the North and South throughout the American story. Professor Brinkley compares the presidencies of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson -- the Warrior and the Minister -- in the first decades of the twentieth century. While Grant went after Lee in Virginia, Sherman remained in the West and moved confidently toward Atlanta, the Confederacy’s largest city. Professor Maier tells the story of how the English-loving colonist transforms into the freedom-loving American rebel.

Lincoln did an amazing thing in his Gettysburg Address. The text of two letters from Sherman’s Atlanta correspondence. If they fail, it will go far to prove the incapacity of the people to govern.”, At Gettysburg he reiterated this in soaring language. They move around, they don’t want to serve the master. Again Grant sent troops, this time under the command of his old army pal, Phil Sheridan. But the South was bankrupt and prostrate, its farms and factories in ruins. An illustrated account of the Lincoln assassination with related links. Furman: Sherman’s Atlanta Correspondence  http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_2/lincoln.html   This video is part of the Civil War Trust's In4 video series, which presents short videos on basic Civil War topics. After whites demanded the resignation of a black sheriff, violence erupted between his black supporters and city officials. Professor Miller begins the program by evoking in word and picture the battlefield after the battle of Gettysburg.

The luminaries of the early days of the Republic -- Washington, Jefferson, Adams -- are featured in this program as they craft the Declaration of -- and wage the War for -- Independence.

Surratt House Museum/John Wilkes Booth/Abraham Lincoln  His cartoons called for the granting of civil rights to the freed men relentlessly attacked the pro-Southern policies of Andrew Johnson, and offered repeated reminders of what he believed the war had been fought for. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 53,000 acres in 24 states! So when Sherman reached Savannah, Georgia, he issued Field Order No. 2000 Avenue of the Stars, Suite 1000S, Los Angeles, CA 90067 © 2020 Annenberg Foundation. Abraham Lincoln – The Gettysburg Address  The Life and Plot of John Wilkes Booth  The slogan and quote from the 1868 Democratic Party platform speak to the organized resistance against Republican Reconstruction. Johnson, Andrew 1808-1875: Biographical Information  Image as History: Reconstruction Cartoons, What are the references employed by the cartoonist Thomas Nast in his cartoon “This is a White Man’s Government?”, Abraham Lincoln: Second Inaugural Address, http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_2/lincoln.html, The Valley of the Shadow: Northern Politics, http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/P/al16/speeches/last.htm, http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/alhtml/alrintr.html, Abraham Lincoln Assassination and Memorial Links, http://www.netins.net/showcase/creative/lincoln/education/assassin.htm, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/gettyb.htm, http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/P/al16/speeches/gettys.htm, Documents of Freedom – The Gettysburg Address, http://www.ushistory.org/documents/gettysburg.htm, http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html, http://www.furman.edu/~benson/docs/sherman.htm, http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/shermans-march-sea, http://www.nchistoricsites.org/bentonvi/main.htm, http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cwphtml/tl1864.html, http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/shermans-field-order-no-15, http://sunsite.utk.edu/civil-war/warweb.html, http://ngeorgia.com/people/shermanwt.html, http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/s_z/sherman.htm, http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/ug18.html, http://itw.sewanee.edu/reconstruction/html/chronology.html, Ulysses S. Grant: In Over His Head, 1869-1877, http://www.americanpresident.org/history/ulyssessgrant/biography/resources/Articles/KunhardtGrantBio.article.shtml, http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/B/relee/relee.htm, Modern History Sourcebook: Terms of Lee’s Surrender At Appomattox, 1865, http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1865RELee-surrender.html, Handbook of Texas Online: Lee, Robert Edward, http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fle18, http://www.library.wisc.edu/etext/WIReader/Images/WER1662.html, Handbook of Texas Online: Sheridan, Philip Henry, http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fsh26, People in the West – Philip Henry Sheridan, http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/s_z/sheridan.htm, http://www.nps.gov/anti/historyculture/gbmcclellan.htm, Surratt House Museum/John Wilkes Booth/Abraham Lincoln, http://home.att.net/~rjnorton/Lincoln72.html, http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/today/apr14.html, http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/aj17.html, http://statelibrary.dcr.state.nc.us/nc/bio/public/johnson.htm, http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/today/dec29.html#andrewjohnson, http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/impeach/impeachmt.htm, The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson: Historical Perspectives on Impeachment in American History, http://loki.stockton.edu/~gilmorew/0impeach/impeachm.htm, http://www.nps.gov/anjo/historyculture/timeline.htm, Johnson, Andrew 1808-1875: Biographical Information, http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=J000116, An Introduction to the Impeachment Trial of Andrew Johnson, http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/impeach/imp_account2.html, http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/part5.html, Mathew Brady Gallery, NY – Thaddeus Stevens, http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/brady/gallery/19gal.html, Closing Argument of Thaddeus Stevens in the Impeachment, http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/impeach/StevensClosing.html, Furman University: Thaddeus Stevens Papers On-line, http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/today/may16.html#impeachment.

And virtually every house had been turned into a hospital in an effort to care for the 22,000 wounded men left behind by both armies. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1865RELee-surrender.html  

After Gettysburg and Vicksburg, Southern armies were incapable of winning the war by a series of decisive blows. Not long after word reached Washington of the victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg, Lincoln spoke to a crowd outside the White House, telling them how fitting it was that these twin triumphs had occurred on the nation’s birthday. Major-General Philip Henry Sheridan  http://www.granthome.com/grant_home.htm   Andrew Johnson  Featuring interviews with historians, authors and other experts, the film explores the transformative years following the Civil War through the rise of Jim Crow segregation. The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson  That November he won a presidential election that had more riding on it than any other one in American history. People in the West  .

They shot the place, and each other, to pieces. Two gigantic armies, Robert E. Lee’s army of 70,000 and George Gordon Meade’s army of 90,000, had fought the greatest battle of the Civil War in a college town of 2,500 residents. “And the promise made,” he said, “must be kept.” This is why Lincoln, along with generals Grant and Sherman, believed that the war would continue, and become even bloodier: because the South would never, on its own, eliminate slavery. It was a fight, he said, to preserve and advance two fundamental American ideas: constitutional liberty and human equality. But heavy rains washed away these thin blankets of earth, leaving heads and feet sticking out the ground.

They are to be returned to a condition of serfdom, an era of second slavery.”. A montage of events opens the program and sets the stage for a discussion of the period -- and of the difficulty of examining contemporary history with true historical perspective.