Nicaragua became a part of the First Mexican Empire in 1821, was a part of the United Provinces of Central America in 1823, and then became an independent republic in its own right in 1838. Family members and close associates were given key positions within the government and the military. [25] Prior to U.S. aid withdrawal, Bayardo Arce, an FSLN politician, had stated that "Nicaragua is the only country building its socialism with the dollars of imperialism." The Chorotegano lived in the central region. (See Walker affair.)

Sandinistas were heavily dependent on Soviet aid and oil; as Kagan notes, “The vital importance of close relations with the Soviet Union had been one of the few constants in Sandinista theory and policy since their earliest pre-revolutionary days.” The impetus for Nicaragua's ties with the Soviet Union is … Archbishop Miguel Obando y Bravo acted as an intermediary during the negotiations.[22]. [32] The US also sought to place economic pressure on the Sandinistas, and the Reagan administration imposed a full trade embargo.[33]. This group was smaller than the other two, and it is not known when they first settled in Nicaragua. Nicaragua's name is derived from Nicarao, the name of the Nahuatl-speaking tribe which inhabited the shores of Lake Nicaragua before the Spanish conquest of the Americas, and the Spanish word 'Agua', meaning water, due to the presence of the large Lake Cocibolca (or Lake Nicaragua) and Lake Managua (or Lake Xolotlán), as well as lagoons and rivers in the region. There were minor civil wars and rebellions, but they were quickly suppressed. Sandinistas, members of a left-wing Nicaraguan political party, the Sandinist National Liberation Front (FSLN).

ABC news had been predicting a 16-point Sandinista victory. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed.     [New York] Daily News. In 1990, thanks to U.S. and U.N. pressure, Nicaragua held a free election — and voters chose Violeta Chamorro as president. 22 September 2013. [10] Later, a battalion of the U.S army under the command of Gen. Logan Feland arrived to enforce the agreement. Córdoba apparently came with the intention of colonization. Nicaraguans were divided over monarchy and independence. Somoza abandoned the country and eventually ended up in Paraguay, where he was assassinated in September 1980, allegedly by members of the 'Argentinian Revolutionary Workers' Party.[24]. A Constituent Assembly, extension of the presidential term from four years to six years, and clauses empowering the president to decree laws relating to the National Guard without consulting Congress, ensured Somoza's absolute control over the state and military. Occupying the territory between Lake Nicaragua and the Pacific Coast, the Niquirano were governed by chief Nicarao, or Nicaragua, a rich ruler who lived in Nicaraocali, now the city of Rivas.

As part of that difficult process, he decided to add his mother’s maiden name to his own name in 1979, going by “Warren de Blasio-Wilhelm”: “I had made the initial decision even in the senior year of high school that I was starting to think about the name.

Nicaragua ranges from the Caribbean Sea on the nation's east coast, and the Pacific Ocean bordering the west. Mutual exhaustion, Sandinista fears of Contra unity and military success, and mediation by other regional governments led to the Sapoa ceasefire between the Sandinistas and the Contras on March 23, 1988. Each one of these diverse groups occupied much of Nicaragua territory, with independent chieftains who ruled according to each group's laws and customs. Named for The Indian civilization was destroyed. The FSLN fared considerably better in larger urban areas, winning a significant number of departmental capitals including Managua. [16] The Somoza family would rule until 1979. A list purportedly offers controversial and embarrassing statements about rape made by Republican politicians.

Bernie Sanders’ praise of Cuba and Fidel Castro on Sunday is just the tip of the iceberg.. In the 1950s a synthetic brand of cotton, one of Nicaragua's economic pillars of the epoch, was developed.

Pedrarias Dávila was one such winner. In 1961, a young student, Carlos Fonseca, turned back to the historical figure of Sandino, and founded the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN). Human rights groups condemned the actions, but U.S. President Gerald Ford refused to break the U.S. alliance with Somoza. Anastasio Somoza García, a close friend of the American government, was put in charge. The Sandinistas ruled Nicaragua from 1979 to 1990, during which time they were subjected to a CIA-backed counter revolutionary war. Infoplease is a reference and learning site, combining the contents of an encyclopedia, a dictionary, an atlas and several almanacs loaded with facts. Sandinista (Sandinista National Liberation Front) Revolutionary group in Nicaragua.They took their name from Augusto César Sandino, who opposed the dominant Somoza family and was killed in 1934. Taking advantage of divisions within the conservative ranks, José Santos Zelaya led a liberal revolt that brought him to power in 1893. Nicaragua declared war on Germany during World War II. Monarchy was the form of government of most tribes; the supreme ruler was the chief, or cacique, who, surrounded by his princes, formed the nobility. Sandinistas. Divisions within the Conservative Party in the 1932 elections paved the way for the Liberal Juan Bautista Sacasa to assume power. In return for the hostages they succeeded in getting the government to pay US$2 million ransom, broadcast an FSLN declaration on the radio and in the opposition newspaper La Prensa, release fourteen FSLN members from jail, and fly the raiders and the released FSLN members to Cuba.

When Congress moved to cut off aid to the Contras, Reagan aide Col. Oliver North concocted a clandestine and ingenious plan to continue funding the Contras terrorists see: Iran-Contra Affair. The people migrated from Central Mexico after 500 CE.[1]. Nicaragua is the third least densely populated nation in Central America, with a demographic similar in size to its smaller neighbors.It is located about midway between Mexico and Colombia, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. These two groups had intimate contact with the Spanish conquerors, paving the way for the racial mix of native and European stock now known as mestizos. To tackle these crises, the FSLN created the Nicaraguan Institute of Natural Resources and the Environment. Initially invited by the Liberals in 1855 to join their struggle against the Conservatives, a United States adventurer named William Walker declared himself President in 1856 and made English the official language.

Election reforms had been made that established secret ballots and a supervising electoral commission, although the Conservative Party never elected any members of the commission. Soil erosion forced them, however, to abandon their land and move deeper into the rainforest. Nicaragua is the third least densely populated nation in Central America, with a demographic similar in size to its smaller neighbors. "In 1984, controversy over U.S. assistance to the opponents of the Nicaraguan government (the anti-Sandinista guerrillas known as the “contras”) led to a prohibition on such assistance in a continuing appropriations bill."
President Sacasa's popularity decreased as a result of his poor leadership and accusations of fraud in the 1934 congressional elections. He grew up in Connecticut and later Cambridge, Mass. However, he soon declared himself as governor and threatened to punish rebellions by death. The region was subject to frequent raids by Dutch, French and British pirates, with the city of Granada being invaded twice, in 1658 and 1660. Short Description: The Nicaraguan Revolution ultimately succeeded in overthrowing a decades-long dictatorship by the Somoza family.
On 27 December 1974, a group of nine FSLN guerrillas invaded a party at the home of a former Minister of Agriculture, killing him and three guards in the process of taking several leading government officials and prominent businessmen hostage. That notwithstanding, Ortega ran again and won the Nicaraguan general election, 2011 amid accusations of fraud by losing candidate Fabio Gadea Mantilla.

[3] By 1529, the conquest of Nicaragua was complete. He and his small army gathered gold and baptized Indians along the way. Alemán himself was subsequently convicted of official corruption and sentenced to twenty years in jail. Daniel Ortega was overwhelmingly elected President in 1984. In 1968, the World Health Organization found that polluted water led to 17% of all Nicaraguan deaths. Several Historians have criticized the contra campaign and the Reagan Administration's support for it, citing the brutality and numerous human rights violations of the Contras.

Somoza Garcia also cultivated support from former presidents Moncada and Chamorro while consolidating control within the Liberal Party. About 500,000 people were homeless, more than 30,000 had been killed, and the economy was in ruins. Luis Somoza Debayle became President (29 September 1956 to 1 May 1963), and was effectively dictator of the country until his death, but his brother Anastasio Somoza Debayle held great power as head of the National Guard.

The various dialects and languages in this area are related to Chibcha, spoken by groups in northern Colombia. Although he lost control of Panama, he moved to Nicaragua and established his base in León. [9] From 1910 to 1926, the conservative party ruled Nicaragua. During the 1980s, de Blasio was a strong supporter of the revolutionary socialist government of Nicaragua, formed by the Sandinista National Liberation Front, commonly known as the Sandinistas. United States President Jimmy Carter, who had cut off aid to Somoza's Nicaragua the previous year, initially chose to give aid to the new government, but the amount of aid lessened towards the end of his presidency and was completely cut off by President Reagan due to evidence of Sandinista support to FMLN rebels in El Salvador. United States Marines were stationed in Nicaragua from 1912 to 1933, except for a nine-month period beginning in 1925. The Sandinistas governed Nicaragua from 1979 to 1990. [21] The Sandinistas received some support from Cuba and the Soviet Union. Most of Nicaragua's Caribbean lowlands area was inhabited by tribes that migrated north from what is now Colombia. The Sandinista National Liberation Front (Spanish: Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, FSLN) is a socialist political party in Nicaragua.Its members are called Sandinistas [sandiˈnistas] in both English and Spanish.

The revolutionaries opposing the Somozas were greatly strengthened by the Cuban Revolution.